MOLECULE

10-Formyltetrahydrofolate

10-Formyltetrahydrofolate, also known as 10-formyl-THF or 10-formyl-H4pteglu1, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tetrahydrofolic acids. These are heterocyclic compounds based on the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroic acid skeleton conjugated with at least one L-glutamic acid unit. ightleftharpoons } CH2H2F + NADH + H+In the second step 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate undergoes hydrolysis:CH2H2F + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate is a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Within humans, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate and glycineamideribotide can be converted into tetrahydrofolic acid and 5'-phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide through the action of the enzyme trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3. In addition, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate and AICAR can be converted into tetrahydrofolic acid and phosphoribosyl formamidocarboxamide; which is catalyzed by the enzyme bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein purh. In these reactions 10-CHO-THF is used as a substrate in formyltransferase reactions. In humans, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate is involved in the metabolic disorder called the gout or kelley-seegmiller syndrome pathway. Outside of the human body, 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as breadfruits, catjang pea, climbing beans, kai-lans, and pears. This could make 10-formyltetrahydrofolate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. 10-CHO-THF is required for the formylation of methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase to give fMet-tRNA.10-CHO-THF is produced from methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2H4F) via a two step process. Two equivalents of 10-CHO-THF are required in purine biosynthesis, where 10-CHO-THF is a substrate for phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase. ightleftharpoons } 10-formyltetrahydrofolate10-CHO-THF is also produced by the reactionATP + formate + tetrahydrofolate ⇌ {\displaystyle. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate (10-CHO-THF) is a form of tetrahydrofolate that acts as a donor of formyl groups in anabolism. It can be converted back into tetrahydrofolate (THF) by formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase or THF and formate by formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase. ightleftharpoons } ADP + phosphate + 10-formyltetrahydrofolateThis reaction is catalyzed by formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it.