MOLECULE

Thiamine pyrophosphate

Thiamine pyrophosphate, also known as thiamin diphosphoric acid or THPP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thiamine phosphates. These are thiamine derivatives in which the hydroxyl group of the ethanol moiety is substituted by a phosphate group. A 1,3-thiazolium cation that is the conjugate acid of thiamine(1+) diphosphate(1). Thiamine pyrophosphate is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Thiamine pyrophosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, thiamine pyrophosphate participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, S-(2-methylbutanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide and thiamine pyrophosphate can be biosynthesized from lipoamide and 2-methyl-1-hydroxypropyl-THPP through the action of the enzymes 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial and 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta, mitochondrial. In addition, ketoleucine and thiamine pyrophosphate can be converted into 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutyl-THPP; which is catalyzed by the enzyme 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase. In humans, thiamine pyrophosphate is involved in the metabolic disorder called the 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency pathway. Thiamine pyrophosphate is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it.